|
Polly Bemis (possibly born Lalu Nathoy) (September 11, 1853 – November 6, 1933) was a Chinese American pioneer who lived in Idaho in the late 19th and early 20th century. Her story became a biographical novel, and was fictionalized in the 1991 film ''A Thousand Pieces of Gold.'' ==Life== Polly Bemis was born in rural northern China. As a child, she had bound feet. Later, her family fled from a group of bandits that raided her village. Subsequently, she was sold by her father for two much needed bags of seed.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Polly Bemis )〕 Bemis was then smuggled into the United States in 1872 and sold as a slave in San Francisco for $2,500.〔 It was common for Chinese men of that time to have multiple wives and concubines, all having some social status and living under the same roof. When a Chinese man moved to North America, he might take a concubine with him or acquire one there, as custom required him to leave his wife in China to take care of his parents.〔 An intermediary took her from San Francisco via Portland, Oregon, to Idaho, where her buyer, a wealthy Chinese man, possibly named Hong King, ran a saloon in a mining camp in Warrens, Idaho Territory, now Warren, Idaho. She arrived in Warrens on July 8, 1872. Bemis was tall. How Bemis gained her freedom from her Chinese owner is uncertain. According to academic Priscilla Wegars, her Chinese owner helped her gain her freedom.〔 In mid-1880, the census listed her as living with saloon owner and fiddler Charles Bemis (1848-October 29, 1922),〔 who befriended her when she first arrived in Warrens. Bemis worked for Charles Bemis,〔 who was often referred to as "Charlie" or "C.A". She served as his housekeeper and ran his popular boarding house in Warren. Charles was almost killed during a gambling dispute in September 1890, and Bemis nursed him back to health.〔 On August 13, 1894, she married Charles Bemis, and the couple moved from Warren to a site 17 miles north by trail at a spot that came to be called both Bemis Point and Polly Place. Peter Klinkhammer, the couple's friend, reported that this was a marriage of convenience as Bemis needed to establish legal residency in the USA and Charlie Bemis needed someone to take care of him. Bemis's struggle for legal permanent residency went to the courts in Moscow, Idaho and her residency was finally granted on August 10, 1896 in Helena, Montana. Together, Charlie and Polly Bemis filed a mining claim, becoming among the first pioneers to settle along the Salmon River ''(The River of No Return)'', only several yards from the riverside.〔〔〔 Even today this house is not accessible by road. Boats are a common means of access.〔 Although the couple had no children—Bemis was 40 when they married, she was noted for her concern for children. They also were known to garden and care for a number of animals, including horses and a cougar. Bemis was also noted for her nursing skills, fishing, friendliness, and sense of humor.〔〔 Bemis saved Charles' life twice.〔 In 1922, a fire gutted their home on the Salmon River, possibly caused by an untended or overheated woodstove. The Bemis moved across the Salmon River to live with mining partners Peter Klinkhammer and Charlie Shepp, both German, who had been long-time neighbors and friends. Charlie Bemis died soon afterwards. He had been ill in the last several years, reportedly due to a lung ailment (probably tuberculosis). Klinkhammer and Shepp rebuilt a new home for Bemis in the same spot as the one that burned down, with the understanding that they would inherit this from her in exchange for their labor and for looking after her in her old age. During construction, she moved to Warren.〔 While on a trip to Boise, Idaho, she stayed at the Idanha hotel and saw her first movie, rode her first streetcar, and had her first elevator ride. Bemis gave the photo of herself in her wedding dress to a young schoolgirl who stayed with her during the academic year during this time.〔 In 1924 she moved back to the now completed cabin on Salmon River. On August 4, 1933, Shepp came to visit Bemis and found her lying on the ground, incoherent and incapacitated following what may have been a stroke. On August 6 she was taken to Grangeville, Idaho, where she stayed in the Idaho Valley Hospital for three months. Loquacious during her hospitalization, she spoke about many details of her life, and on November 5 a lengthy newspaper article was published about her. She died on November 6 of myocarditis at the age of 80. Two days later she was buried in Grangeville. Klinkhammer's sister bought a marker for her grave in 1970. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polly Bemis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|